Principles & Suitability of Sand Casting
翻砂法原理与适用
标签：翻砂, 砂型, 原理, 概述
翻砂铸造是用型砂紧实成可复用空腔、浇入金属后落砂取件的工艺，与失蜡法并列（不依赖蜡模）。其优势是成本低、适合中大件与厚壁件、型砂可回用；劣势是表面较粗、尺寸精度低于熔模。按粘结剂分湿砂型（粘土+水）、树脂砂（冷固）、水玻璃砂、消失模（泡沫模气化）。铜合金、铸铁、铸铝均广泛采用。适用于雕塑、阀门、工艺品底座等。
Sand casting packs molding sand around a pattern to form a reusable cavity, pours metal, then shakes out the sand. It is parallel to, not a subtype of, lost-wax (no wax). Strengths: low cost, good for medium/large and thick-wall parts, reusable sand. Weakness: rougher surface, lower accuracy than investment. Binders: green sand (clay+water), resin sand (cold-set), sodium-silicate sand, lost-foam (vaporized foam). Used for bronze, iron, aluminum — sculpture, valves, bases. ---