Forge & Temperature Control
锻造炉与温度控制
标签：锻造炉, 温度, 加热, 控温
小型锻造可用燃气炉、焦炭炉或感应加热。控温关键：用测温笔/红外枪监测，紫铜暗红（约 500℃）即可开锻，亮橙（约 800℃）为过热需停。加热要均匀、避免局部过烧（晶界氧化发脆）。铜导热快，出炉到锻打间隔要短。多次加热间需退火（见 07）以防加工硬化开裂。
Small forging uses gas, coke, or induction heat. Control: temp sticks / IR gun; copper starts at dull red (~500℃), bright orange (~800℃) is overheating — stop. Heat evenly; avoid local burning (grain-boundary oxidation, brittleness). Copper conducts fast, so forge quickly after removal. Anneal between heats (see 07) to prevent work-hardening cracks. ---