Korean Temple Bells & the Emille Bell
韩国梵钟与圣德大王神钟的铸造
标签：梵钟, 圣德大王神钟, 韩国, 陶范, 非遗
统一新罗圣德大王神钟（771 年铸，高 3.33 m、重约 18.9 t）是朝鲜半岛铸造巅峰：合金约铜 83%、锡 9%、铅 5%（近代取样分析），以陶范地坑合范一次浇成，钟身乳突与飞天纹样直接塑于范面。韩式梵钟区别于中国钟的特征是双龙钟钮与音筒结构。当代忠州梵钟工坊复制芬皇寺钟时沿用「陶范/蜡型+现代感应炉」混合流程，焙烧需连续 24 h，浇注动辄数百人协作，铸后调音以内壁磨削完成。
The Emille Bell of King Seongdeok (cast 771, 3.33 m tall, ~18.9 t) crowns Korean bronze casting: analysis shows roughly 83% Cu, 9% Sn, 5% Pb, poured in one operation into pit-set ceramic section molds with the nipples and flying-angel reliefs modeled directly on the mold faces. Korean bells differ from Chinese ones by the twin-dragon suspension loop and sound tube. Today's Chungju bell workshops still replicate bells like Bonghwangsa's with hybrid ceramic/wax tooling and induction furnaces — 24-hour continuous firing, casting crews in the hundreds, tuned afterward by inner-wall grinding.