Reversibility & New Conservation Standards (glossary)
修复可逆性原则与新规范术语
标签：可逆性, 修复伦理, EACFA, 最小干预
文物修复三原则——最小干预、可逆性（reversibility，或更准确的可处理性 retreatability）、可识别性——2020 年后中国《文物修复馆管理办法》与欧洲 EACFA 术语均已强化「可再处理」表述：封护材料不必真可完全去除，但后人能用更优材料直接覆盖替换（如微晶蜡可再涂、BTA 可重浸）。禁用项升级：环氧树脂补配历史件需留 removable 接口。术语「随形补配」要求补块材料与母体可区分（X 光/紫外可辨）。
Conservation rests on minimal intervention, reversibility (more precisely "retreatability"), and discernibility. Post-2020 Chinese and EACFA guidance favor "retreatable": sealers need not strip fully, but must accept superior future coatings—microcrystalline wax renews, BTA re-immerses. Epoxy fills on historic pieces now require removable joints. "Fabricated fills" must remain distinguishable from the parent metal under X-ray/UV. ---