Laser Cleaning for Corrosion Removal
激光清洗替代化学除锈
标签：激光清洗, 除锈, 选择性, 文物修复
脉冲激光清洗（1064 nm，单脉冲能量 0.5–2 mJ，20–60 Hz）利用锈层与基体吸收差异选择性剥除有害锈（氯化亚铜集群），对孔雀石类稳定锈可调低能量保留——这是化学法做不到的「分层选择性」。清洗速度 1–3 m²/h，无废液排放；设备 15–40 万元，工作室可租用或服务外包。注意呼吸防护（气化锈尘）与低反射区护眼；清洗后 24 h 内完成封护，暴露面会快速反色。
Pulsed laser cleaning (1064 nm, 0.5–2 mJ/pulse, 20–60 Hz) exploits absorption differences to strip active corrosion (copper chlorides) layer-selectively—stable malachite patina can be kept by lowering fluence, something chemicals cannot do. Throughput 1–3 m²/h with zero liquid waste; systems cost ¥150–400k, so rent or outsource. Wear respiratory and eye protection; seal within 24 h or surfaces re-tarnish fast. ---