Hydromechanical Deep Drawing of Copper Shells
充液拉深成形铜壳
标签：充液拉深, 液压, 深冲, 拉深比, 表面质量, 工艺
充液拉深（hydromechanical drawing）以高压液体（20–35 MPa）托住板料并反向挤压凸模，摩擦保持效应使极限拉深比从常规 2.0 提升到 2.5–2.8，特别适合壁薄罩壳一次成形。紫铜 0.8 mm 板 Ø60 mm 罩壳可由两道减为一道。液体压力建立过早会反向胀破，须在凸模下行 3–5 mm 后再充压；型面无划痕，省去中间退火。
Hydromechanical drawing uses high-pressure fluid (20–35 MPa) to support the blank against the punch; the friction-retention effect raises the limiting draw ratio from ~2.0 to 2.5–2.8, letting thin shells form in one pass. A Ø60 mm shell in 0.8 mm copper goes from two draws to one. Pressurize only after the punch has traveled 3–5 mm or the blank bulges and bursts — and the finished surface is scratch-free with no interpass anneal. ---