热着色原理（氧化膜干涉色）/ Principle of Heat Coloring (Oxide Interference)
热着色原理（氧化膜干涉色）/ Principle of Heat Coloring (Oxide Interference)
标签：热着色, 干涉色, 原理, 概述
热着色利用金属受热后表面生成极薄氧化膜（Cu₂O/CuO），光在膜层上下界面干涉产生彩虹色（类似钢件发蓝）。铜的色序随温度升高为：浅黄→棕→紫红→蓝→蓝绿→多彩。色由膜厚决定，是"物理显色"而非化学染色，膜透明、附着力好。无论火焰、烘烤还是程序氧化，底层原理相同——只是控温精度与受热均匀度不同。黄铜因含锌色偏暖且范围较窄。
Heat coloring heats metal so a ultrathin oxide film (Cu₂O/CuO) forms; light interferes at the film's surfaces to give rainbow hues (like steel bluing). Copper's sequence with rising heat: pale yellow → brown → purple-red → blue → blue-green → multicolor. Color is set by film thickness — physical, not chemical — so the film is transparent and adherent. Torch, oven or program oxidation share this basis; they differ only in temperature precision and heating uniformity. Brass shifts warmer and narrower due to zinc. ---