Principles of Electrochemical Coloring
电化学着色基本原理
标签：电解, 氧化膜, 阳极氧化, 法拉第
在电解槽中铜工件作阳极时，表面Cu→Cu²⁺并就地与溶液中阴离子（硫、氯、氨）结合形成硫化铜、氧化亚铜等有色膜；作阴极时则沉积铜、锡等金属呈色。膜色由电压、时间、pH 与离子种类共同决定，遵循法拉第定律，故可精确复现。
With the copper as anode, surface Cu→Cu²⁺ reacts in situ with anions (sulfur, chloride, ammonia) to form colored films of CuS, Cu₂O, etc.; as cathode it deposits metals like copper or tin for color. Film hue is set by voltage, time, pH and ion species per Faraday's law, making results precisely reproducible. ---