Respiratory Protection and Station Hygiene for Rubbers
捶拓作业的呼吸防护与工位卫生
标签：炭尘, 呼吸防护, 工位清洁, 职业健康
松烟墨与炭粉的长期吸入是捶拓师傅的职业病源头：研墨、养包与拍打底墨时释放的炭尘可深入肺泡，日拓 8 h 的老师傅多见慢性咽炎。防护要点：研墨改用成品墨汁以减少干磨；工位设局部下吸风或开窗对流；连续扑墨超过 1 h 佩戴可清洗的 KN95 或 FFP2 口罩；拓包与棕刷专人专用，收工后用湿布擦台面——干扫会重新扬尘。墨汁中防腐剂长期接触会致手部皲裂，可戴薄棉手套或完工后涂凡士林护手；揉眼前务必先洗手。
Long-term carbon-dust inhalation is the rubber's occupational hazard: grinding ink, feeding tampoes and laying ground tone all release dust that reaches the alveoli—veterans rubbing 8 h a day commonly show chronic pharyngitis. Countermeasures: use ready ink to skip dry grinding; run a local downdraft or cross-window airflow; wear a washable KN95/FFP2 for sessions beyond an hour; keep tampoes and brushes to one person each, and wipe benches with damp cloths—dry sweeping re-airborne the dust. Ink preservatives crack skin: thin cotton gloves or vaseline after work, and wash hands before touching your eyes.